How should a 12-year-old child with widespread gingivitis and bleeding be managed?

In managing widespread gingivitis and bleeding in a 12-year-old child, considering potential underlying systemic issues is vital. A referral for haematological screening is appropriate because persistent gingival disease in a young child may suggest a possible hematological disorder or other underlying systemic health issues, such as a clotting disorder or immunodeficiency.

Children are generally not expected to have such extensive gingivitis unless there is an underlying health condition affecting their oral health or immune response. By referring for a haematological screening, clinicians can ensure that any potential systemic causes contributing to the gingivitis and bleeding are evaluated and managed appropriately, which is crucial for the child's overall well-being.

Though other options may provide immediate symptomatic relief or superficial treatment of gingivitis, they do not address the potential underlying causes that could be contributing to the severe symptoms observed in this situation. As such, focusing on comprehensive care through proper diagnostic evaluation is essential in this case.