To improve the durability of a restoration, when is it essential to use acid etching?

Using acid etching is essential when employing bonding agents because this process enhances the bonding strength between the restorative material and the tooth structure. Acid etching creates a micro-rough surface on the enamel or dentin, which increases the surface area and allows for a stronger mechanical bond. This is particularly important for achieving durability in restorations, as a strong adhesion helps prevent issues such as debonding or leakage, which can compromise the restoration.

While aesthetic procedures might benefit from acid etching, it is not limited to them; it is broadly applicable in various restorative situations. Acid etching is not only confined to smile zone restorations—areas where aesthetics are most crucial. The durability of restorations in both aesthetic and non-aesthetic areas hinges on a reliable bond provided through effective etching techniques. Additionally, while some materials might not require etching or may be designed to bond well without it, the general guideline is that when bonding agents are used, acid etching should be a standard step to maximize the durability of the restoration.