What causes angular cheilitis in edentulous patients with complete dentures?

The development of angular cheilitis in edentulous patients who wear complete dentures is primarily related to low vertical dimension. When a patient loses their natural teeth and wears a complete denture, the vertical dimension of occlusion can be significantly altered. If the vertical dimension is insufficient, it can lead to an inability of the lips and surrounding tissues to maintain proper contact or closure. This situation can create a favorable environment for moisture accumulation and the development of fungal or bacterial infections at the corners of the mouth, resulting in angular cheilitis.

Maintaining an appropriate vertical dimension is crucial for ensuring that the dentures fit well and for promoting a healthy oral environment. Other causes, such as nutrient deficiencies or allergic reactions, may contribute to oral health issues but are less directly associated with the mechanical fit and functional aspects of wearing complete dentures.