What is the estimated percentage of leukoplakia that can turn malignant?

Leukoplakia is a condition characterized by white patches in the oral cavity that may arise due to various causes, including irritation, smoking, and other factors. The risk of malignant transformation in leukoplakia is a significant concern because it can potentially progress to oral cancer.

Research indicates that the estimated percentage of leukoplakia lesions that can turn malignant ranges from 5% to 6%. This figure highlights the relatively low, but not negligible, risk associated with this condition. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring and management of leukoplakia, especially in individuals with risk factors such as tobacco use. Regular check-ups and potential biopsies are often recommended to assess any changes in these lesions.

The other options, while representing higher percentages, do not align with the established research and clinical findings. A risk of 10%, 25%, or even 50% would suggest a much higher likelihood of malignancy that is typically not reflected in the clinical literature regarding leukoplakia. Such estimates could lead to undue concern or overtreatment if they were considered accurate. The 5%-6% figure provides a realistic and evidence-based understanding of the potential for malignant transformation in this condition.