What is the most common carcinoma in the mouth?

The most common type of carcinoma found in the mouth is Squamous Cell Carcinoma, often referred to as epidermoid carcinoma. This type of cancer originates from the squamous cells, which are flat cells located on the surface of the skin as well as in various mucous membranes, including those found in the oral cavity.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma accounts for approximately 90% of all oral cancers, making it a predominant concern for dental and medical practitioners. The prevalence is largely due to the risk factors associated with this carcinoma, including tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which are common in many populations.

Other types of carcinoma, such as carcinoma of the lips, while important, do not match the incidence rates of Squamous Cell Carcinoma when considering the entire oral cavity. Salivary gland carcinoma has a much lower prevalence compared to squamous cell carcinoma and is less frequently encountered in typical clinical presentations. Basal cell carcinoma primarily affects the skin and is less relevant in the context of oral cavity malignancies.

Thus, recognizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma as the most common malignancy in the mouth underscores the importance of awareness, early detection, and appropriate management strategies in dental practice