Which dental condition is characterized by the presence of candidiasis?

The condition characterized by the presence of candidiasis is denture stomatitis. This oral condition generally occurs in individuals who wear dentures, particularly when these are not maintained properly or removed at night. Candidiasis, caused by the overgrowth of Candida yeast, can thrive in the warm, moist environment of the mouth beneath the denture.

In denture stomatitis, the soft tissues of the mouth, particularly the palate, may become red, sore, and inflamed. The presence of candidiasis can be exacerbated by factors such as poor oral hygiene, prolonged denture wear, and a weakened immune system. Therefore, the link between candidiasis and denture stomatitis is strong, making it the correct answer in this context.

Other conditions listed do not have a direct association with candidiasis. Root caries primarily involves decay of the tooth structure due to bacterial action, gingival recession relates to the loss of gum tissue around teeth, and tooth erosion pertains to the wear of dental enamel often due to dietary acids. These conditions do not typically involve the presence of Candida yeast or inflammation similar to what is seen in denture stomatitis.