Which malocclusion is characterized by a significant increase in overbite?

The malocclusion characterized by a significant increase in overbite is Angle's class II division 2. In this classification, the upper front teeth are significantly retroclined (tipped towards the tongue) while the mandibular teeth are positioned properly or slightly protruded. This positioning can lead to an increase in overbite, as the upper incisors may overlap the lower incisors more than in other classifications.

In addition to overbite, Angle’s class II division 2 often presents with other features, such as crowding of the upper incisors and a deep bite, which can contribute to dental and functional issues. This classification highlights cases where the relationship between the upper and lower dental arches creates specific dental alignments that affect function and esthetics.

In contrast, Angle's class I typically has a normal relationship between the dental arches, Angle's class II division 1 involves an increased overjet but not necessarily a marked increase in overbite, and Angle's class III is characterized by a reduced overbite or an edge-to-edge bite. Thus, Angle's class II division 2 is the correct answer for identifying a malocclusion with a significant increase in overbite.