Which nerve is anesthetized in the anterior border of the ramus and 1 cm above the occlusal plane of lower posterior teeth?

The long buccal nerve is the correct choice in this scenario because it provides sensory innervation to the buccal mucosa and the gingiva of the lower molar and premolar teeth. When anesthetizing in the area specified (anterior border of the ramus and 1 cm above the occlusal plane of lower posterior teeth), the needle is positioned to target this specific nerve efficiently.

The anatomy of the long buccal nerve is such that it emerges at the anterior border of the ramus, making it accessible for anesthetic infiltration in that region. This procedure is essential for achieving effective pain control during dental procedures that involve the lower posterior teeth, as it ensures the area where the buccal nerve travels is adequately numbed.

Other nerves mentioned do not provide the same innervation specific to the outlined area. For instance, the lingual nerve primarily serves the anterior portion of the floor of the mouth and the sublingual area, rather than directly innervating the buccal tissues. The inferior alveolar nerve is mainly responsible for the mandibular teeth and does not target the buccal mucosa. The mental nerve branches from the inferior alveolar nerve and is located more anteriorly, primarily supplying sensation