Which of the following effects is most commonly associated with long-term corticosteroid use?

Long-term use of corticosteroids is well-known to lead to adrenal suppression. This occurs because the body’s normal adrenal gland function diminishes due to the external supply of corticosteroids. When corticosteroids are introduced into the body over an extended period, they signal the adrenal glands to produce less of these hormones naturally due to a feedback mechanism. As a result, the glands may not respond adequately if corticosteroid treatment is suddenly decreased or stopped, leading to a dependence on the medication.

This concept is critical in the management of patients who have been on long-term corticosteroid therapy, as these individuals are at risk for an adrenal crisis, particularly if they undergo significant stress (like surgery) or do not taper their medications appropriately. Such an understanding is essential in clinical practice for managing the withdrawal process from corticosteroids carefully and assessing any ongoing need for hormone replacement therapy. The potential for adrenal suppression underscores the importance of monitoring and managing corticosteroid therapy effectively in patients.